The working principle of a self-priming pump
May 29,2025
These pumps all adopt a pump body structure with axial liquid return. The pump body consists of a suction chamber, a liquid storage chamber, a vortex chamber, a return liquid hole, a gas-liquid separation chamber, etc. After the pump starts normally, the impeller sucks in the liquid stored in the suction chamber and the air in the suction pipe together, and they are completely mixed in the impeller. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid carries the gas and flows to the outer edge of the vortex chamber, forming a white foam band and a high-speed rotating liquid ring of a certain thickness on the outer edge of the impeller. The gas-liquid mixture enters the gas-liquid separation chamber through the diffusion tube. At this time, due to the sudden decrease in flow rate, the lighter gas is separated from the mixed gas-liquid, and the gas continues to rise and is discharged through the pump body outlet. The degassed liquid returns to the liquid storage chamber and re-enters the impeller through the return hole, mixing again with the gas sucked in from the suction pipe inside the impeller. Under the action of the high-speed rotating impeller, it flows to the outer edge of the impeller again...... This process continues repeatedly, the air in the suction pipe is continuously reduced until the gas is exhausted, completing the self-priming process, and the pump is put into normal operation.
Some pumps also have a cooling chamber at the bottom of the bearing housing. When the bearing heats up and the bearing temperature rises above 70 degrees, cooling liquid can be injected for circulation cooling through any cooling liquid pipe connector at the cooling chamber. The sealing mechanism inside the pump that prevents liquid from leaking from the high-pressure zone to the low-pressure zone is the front and rear sealing rings. The front sealing ring is installed on the pump body, and the rear sealing ring is installed on the bearing housing. When the pump has been running for a long time and the sealing ring is worn to a certain extent, affecting the pump's efficiency and self-priming performance, it should be replaced.
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